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2017年7月31日 星期一

记忆的蝴蝶效应

今日中午,不经意间,听到了一声蝉鸣,地点是圣乔治大街距离布洛大街不远的地方;也是在同一地方,看到了今年以来的第一只蚊子,只是被我的大手拍死在了桌上。以前在故乡,蝉鸣是聒噪的声音,但如今,却令人颇为怀念,在遥远的记忆中,学生时代每个暑假在家消夏的时光,听到那一阵阵喧嚣的蝉鸣,简直就像此起彼伏、铺天盖地的海浪持续袭来。其实,那是记忆的海浪罢了。

如果按照故乡的农历,夏天已近尾声了,因为不久便要立秋了。可是,母亲以前常说,立了秋,也还可能会热好一阵子,尤其是早晚,那是秋老虎。但是立了秋,母亲就不允许小时候的我去老家后面的池塘洗澡了,因为寒气已经进入了水里,再去洗澡,容易感冒。

事实上,即便没有立秋,母亲也很少让我去池塘里面洗澡,那时候我总觉得母亲过度担心,但回头想来,不无道理。自我有记忆开始,每隔一两年,总能听到有亲戚、邻居或同学溺水死亡的讯息,这些死亡,都发生在夏季,最后那次,是我高二的一位同学。

我没有怎么违拗母亲禁止在外面的大河或池塘洗澡的警告,不完全在于母亲的威严,也由于我其实收到过水下死神的威胁。那是一个夏季的傍晚,天色早已暗淡,我和父亲去那个大池塘洗澡,父亲游到池塘中间去了,我在边沿慢慢试探,边上的水很浅,但池塘的坡很陡,我所在的地方有一根树木,那是村邻放倒的笔直“栋梁,”也就是从山上伐下来的笔直的树木,泡在水里一两年,再捞起来,就能长久不容易生虫,盖房时可以拿来做大梁。

我在池塘边沿踩着那根大梁,小心翼翼往深处移动,可是突然,脚下打滑,我的头顿时就没入深水,眼睛和头顶没入水下的那一刻,一种密不透风、暗夜般的巨大恐惧占据了大脑的全部空间。那时候,大概没了理智,只是凭着本能,拼命地往岸边“手舞足蹈。”万幸,双脚终于触到了土地,最后挣扎着到了岸边,惊魂未定、浑身发抖。

人溺水的可怖在于,一旦陷入深水,死神就犹如无数触脚的巨大章鱼,从四面八方、严丝合缝地把你裹缠,让你无处可遁,你的触觉、视觉和听觉,也基本上完全失效,也就是说,你被切断了一切求救的可能,因为周身都是敌人,都是死神的上帝之手。这种情况下,你的救世主只有你自己。所以,人要在溺水之前,学会游泳。不过,也有人说淹死的都是会游泳的。但后一个说法的荒谬,实在不亚于“噎死的都是会吃饭的”这句话。

除了那一次可怕的夏日之泳,现在想来,少年的许多夏季,都是炎热但美好的。多少次在凉风习习的夏季傍晚,和父母姐姐在水杉参天的院子里,品尝母亲朴素但美味的农家菜肴;多少次,坐在院子里乘凉,看稻田里无数的萤火虫熙来攘往;多少次,听草丛里青蛙、蟋蟀及各种虫豸合奏这星球最繁复曼妙的交响乐;多少次,独自捧着大部头小说或一只播放英语广播的收音机,直到万籁俱静的深夜;又有多少次,带着书本,在青草漫卷的大河滩一边放牛、一边读书或用稚嫩的笔端记录少年的狂野恢弘心绪...

青少年的夏日,虽炎热、酷烈,但却没有虚度。那时没有空调,却有意念;没有物质的丰裕,却有精神追求。那是耕耘的炎夏。

转眼间,三十几个炎夏已成记忆的一瞬。那所有的蝉鸣、池塘、晚餐、清风、虫豸、书本、水牛、青草,都已汇成比虫蛙晚唱更加宏大迷人的交响曲,席卷脑细胞的每一根神经。

这一曲交响乐,是由距离童年三十余载、距离故乡一万公里之外的一只蝉引发的。

这,大概就是所谓的蝴蝶效应吧。



2017年7月27日 星期四

又是很久没写字,忽然再来动手,有种茫然的感觉,发生的事情太多,过去的太远,在记忆大海里捞针,自然是会茫然无措的。也可能因为,生活日渐碎片化,在微博里和微信上,信手拈来写几句不在话下,但稍微长一些、系统一些的记录,就力不从心。




What do Chinese people think are some horrible aspects of Chinese culture?

What do Chinese people think are some horrible aspects of Chinese culture?

I used to know some neighbours acquaintances. They had a new dog each year and claimed that they loved their dogs very much, so much so that at the beginning of each lunar new year, namely during the most important Chinese festival the Spring Festival, they killed their dogs and ate them with their visiting guests, just like what they did to the pigs they raised.

Some Chinese people think there is nothing to fuss about eating one’s own dog which was raised by them, while other Chinese think it is completely ruthless and unacceptable. This severe civil war triggered by different cultural notions divides Chinese people just like Trump divides America into two warring groups.

Isn’t it horrible?

2017年7月25日 星期二

Is it considered a loss of face to apologize in the Chinese culture?

Definitely. That is why in Mandarin Chinese, there is no expression like “excuse me” that can be used almost anywhere in daily life. Face plays an irreplaceably significant role in the daily and political life, especially in public contexts. Some say it is hypocrisy, some say modesty and some say indirectness. For instance, in China, children generally should not call their parents by names but by courteous parental titles like “father, mother, dada, mama.” Otherwise, it would be deemed as an offence or even a defiance of parental authority.
Likewise, government-controlled TV channels like CCTVs most of the time present “positive” news rather than “negative” ones, probably because they consciously or unconsciously think it is a loss of face and dignity to display their skeleton in the cupboard.
To acknowledge your faults in a way indicates an apology, and to indicate an apology in a way equals a face loss. This is the hidden logic.
It has something to do with the national character of indirectness that can be testified by Chinese people’s comparatively timid way of expressing love to another person: “I think you are guy that is not bad” in many contexts means “like love you;” “Not bad” in many northern dialects means “pretty good.”  

Why does American culture seem to allow people to waste food by playing with it?

My answer:

Food waste is by no means a developed-country-syndrome. Do you know how food is wasted flagrantly in China? If not, just go to attend a dinner or even a normal gathering of friends and you will find it out. And bear in your mind that China has a population of near 1.4 billion. Besides, let’s cast our sight to the poorest socialist country on the earth-DPRK. Not much we know about the country’s wast of food, yet it only needs a spot to know the skin of the leopard: just see this video of a kidnapped chef by DPRK’s deceased all-mighty leader:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tcpmzXektgg
.

Then let’s come to your question: how can we stop the waste of food all over this crazy planet? There is no immediate and effective solution. The only possible way to ameliorate the issue is the action taken by each individual: no matter you are an American, Canadian, Chinese, you should curb your culinary desire of consuming more food than you actually need.

You do this not because you think this may save other starving people, just because food is a gift by nature and motherland and it is produced by sweats and labours of farmers.

As a pessimistic person, I don’t believe there is anything more we can do. Legal measures within a nation is out of the question, for it is any issue too broad and complex to be settled by national legislation. If anyone believing it could be settled that way, he is actually claiming that the rich shall give their wealth away for the suffering.

It is more a moral issue rather than a legal issue.

However, there are still many things we individuals can do besides the food issue, like saving water, protecting the environment and showing more kindness to your family and neighbours and communities.

We may not save the world, but we may save our own soul.

2017年7月23日 星期日

如何教授、学习高级英语这门课程?---答同学

俊杰你好!你以前讲解精读的套路挺不错的。其实也没什么标准的做法。我自己学习精读和讲解精读的一些体会是:

1. 在语言层面,讲解课文前,我会认真把课文仔细阅读两遍,确保里面的每个单词的意思都清楚,尤其是那些大词和重要的词汇在文中的精确意思,要把握准确,从而确保在讲解课文时,在词汇、语法和句法层面,有一个很好的整体把握,内心对语言知识点也能做到轻重分明;

2.在思想文化层面 了解整篇文章的主题思想,以及相关的时代和文化背景,同时酌情结合作者自己的背景,来对课文中的表述和思想进行阐释;

3. 在进一步发挥层面,可以适当将课文的语言文化知识点,与现实生活结合起来,比如如果一篇文章讲的是美国的教育问题,也可以适当与中国教育或者本校学生的具体状况做以对比,加深印象;

4.为了督促学生,可以在没堂课后,或者每篇课文讲解完毕之后,告诉学生下次上课听写核心词汇和表达法、以及设置课后思考或写作问题,以强化相关文化知识点的理解和消化。

5.最后,如果教师心有余力,备课和讲解过程中,可以充分利用类似课文主题的参考书或者教材,来补充,也可以给学有余力的同学更大的发挥空间,最好也告诉学生们与课文主题相关的一些书籍著作或者教材。我强烈推荐北外张汉熙老师的《高级英语》以及上外李观仪老师的《新编英语教程》(高年级学生可以看4-8),这些是极其经典的教材,无论对老师还是学生,认真研读,都可以是受益终身的。

哦对了,也可以在一些特别好的精读课文里面,划出个别段落、片段,让学生背诵、翻译,并纳入期末考试出题范围。这也是很好的督促他们强化学习的方法。

2017年7月22日 星期六

多伦多春天似乎还未过去

多伦多的春天似乎还未过去,否则近日气温怎会一直在25-15度徘徊?时不时还来一阵猝不及防的雨,偶尔也能见到彩虹,有时彩虹的发源地是那表面平静的大湖。马路及居民区的大小树木,也招摇着浓绿,随处可见的花圃里,各种花儿摇曳生姿。松树们春天并没有坚果可以吃,但他们吃榆钱和一些花儿。

春夏的街头,乞丐不比冬春多多少;似乎还少一些,大概躺在绿油油的草地上梦蝶去了。乞丐们多是青壮年,老年的反而不多,残疾的更是罕见,几个月来,只有一次在唐人街见到过一次,是所谓的有色人种。有色人种这个说法,是令人不悦的,和“白种人”这个说法一样。但如今,这些说法却盛行于这些词汇的“受害者”们——也就是“有色”人种里面,他们把人分为黑白灰黄三六九等,但最为上等的,据说是“小麦色”,因为那是在休闲的时间,用太阳烤出来的,最好还要伴以海风的吹拂,海浪的拍打,或者青草的揉抚也可。最卑下的,自然是劳动时候,被太阳烤出的深色了。

或许,这个城市的乞丐,是世界上最有文化的乞丐,里面隐藏着不少迪欧根尼也未可知,因为屡次见到街角坐卧着的好些乞丐,都捧着一本厚厚的书,沉醉其中。一个人食不果腹、居无定所的时候,还有心思读书,这是一种什么精神?这不是贵族精神,这是精神贵族。我大学时候,信奉过这种精神,因为,那时候的摘抄本上扉页上写着:“我把空气与信念和成最后的晚餐,今夜的星光一定如期而至。”

街头的读书乞丐们,面前往往也会竖起一个小纸板,上书“homeless, bankrupt, hungry”。然而,一个无论何时还能坚持读书的人,一定不会是真bankrupt的。读书不能当饭吃,但读书的重要性,不一定亚于吃饭。觉得只要吃饭就能活命的人,是未必明白这一点的,就像觉得只要结婚就,幸福爱情就水到渠成的人一样。

几个月前看完了《红楼梦》,本打算看《jingping梅》,可惜网上无论电子书还是纸质书,都找不到了,世博会那年还可以轻易获取。现在的网络,似乎正在变得越来越干净。可是有些书,未必就像有些人想象的那么肮脏。有时候,人们的想象,是他们内心的投射,就像《天堂电影院》里面那个男孩的投射一样。不过,那个男孩是真的天真;成人的想象,往往更加阴暗。

几天前,看完了Ruth Hayhoe女士的 A Full Circle: A life with Hong Kong and China. 是一本好书。用自传的视角,回顾了极其丰富的人生经历。总觉得自己经历丰富的年轻人,看过之后可能会自惭形秽。

黄子华的栋笃笑是学习粤语的好材料,只是需要不少的时代背景知识,才可能抓住那些笑点和讽刺。可惜现在好像没这个节目了。

每天吃饭的时候,看一集《生存之min'gong》。管虎的作品,是现在几乎绝迹的第一集。但真是好作品,前天晚上睡在床上寻思,才发现可以归类为自然主义的影视剧,因为剧中的主人公们,其命运基本上都掌控在自己之外的各种力量手中。说白了,他们就是命运的玩物,以及时代的...(此处省略三个字)。甚至可以看出,作者还刻意创作了几个比较善良的人,缓和了环境的冷酷。希望结局不会落入皆大欢喜的俗套。

王小帅的《闯入者》,也是一部杰作。一开始觉得无聊,中间觉得阴森恐怖,最后的结局,简直令人毛发倒竖。这也是王小帅的一部里程碑式作品,标志着他创作手法更趋成熟。这部作品里,他将历史的阴魂植入现实的肉体,其实是在为历史招魂,也是对历史鞭笞、对现实拷问。实在是一只精妙的悲剧之瓮。这部作品,以后也可能会遭遇上面那部电视剧一样的命运。但因为处理的比较巧妙,也可能会苟延残喘久一点。

《李文漫游×东&湖》也是一部不错的、但需要耐心看的小制作。大湖的命运以及关于龙的传闻,既幽默讽刺,又令人遐想非非。

前段时间,有几个朋友的孩子高考填报志愿,咨询我的建议。家长第一考虑的,都是以后的就业情况。我告诉他们,这样考虑是对的。但对孩子,我又加了一句:想想你到底喜欢什么和擅长什么,务实的同时也要考虑这个,以后才可能长久不后悔。

理想与现实的关系,是个硕大无朋的人生话题,需要思考的,绝不只是高中毕业生们。




2017年7月15日 星期六

20170715-TORONTO IELTS--WRITING-A:Libraries VS computers

2017年7月15日多伦多雅思考试最新真题—A类
WRITING--TASK 1  难度系数:AA【AAAAA为最难】
Two pie charts presenting energy use in Australia in 2008 and predicated in 2020 in coal, gas, wind, solar, geotherm and other.

WRITING--TASK 2  难度系数: AAA

Topic: Some people believe libraries are very important because we can get information and borrow books there, while some other people think computers are more important and libraries are a waste of time and money. Discuss both views and state your opinion.

SAMPLE
It is unarguable that libraries have been playing an essential role in human civilization, but some people believe computers are more useful in this digital era so libraries should give way to computers. In this essay I will first of all examine both views and then present my opinion.

It is true there are sufficient grounds arguing that computers are becoming increasingly significant due to the large number of benefits they bring us. The foremost point to be taken into account is that as a digital bank, one computer equals tens of hundreds of libraries in terms of the books to be stored. Besides, thanks to the "artificially intelligent" computers, it is far more efficient and convenient to search any book or document from a computer than from a physical library. Additionally, except for storing data, computers are also functional as search engines, multi-media and entertainment devices.

However, on the other hand, many other people see the benefits brought by traditional libraries and believe they will by no means be replaced by computers so easily. The foremost argument to make is that libraries, unlike any other institutions, could provide an ideal environment to those who want to read, concentrate, write or contemplate, while in contrast computers are full of all kinds of distractions. Moreover, in spite of letting people access information and books, libraries also provide a significant arena where like-minded people could meet and compare notes. That is how new friends are made and new inspirations are found in activities like reading clubs organized in libraries. That is also why so many libraries are located in the heart of community centres in cities like Toronto and Hong Kong.

To conclude, it is easy to see that both computers and libraries have they own merits and limitations. And my opinion is that rather than placing computers and libraries against each other, we should take advantage of both and let them complement each other so as to build a better community that is both people and technology friendly. 【339字,预估7.5分】

SPEAKING 难度系数 AAAA
1. Do you work and are you a student? What are you doing?
2. Did you wear a watch when you were small? Did you ever receive a watch for anyone? Do you often wear it now?
1. Describe a neighbour, how you know, how often you meet and why he/she is interesting?
2. How do you think people can contribute to the neighbourhood?
3. Why a good neighbourhood is important?
4. Does technology have a negative or a positive influence on neighbourhood?
5. Does a neighbourhood have its identity?
6. Is there anything like national identity?

LISTENING  难度系数  AAAAA:      Map

READING  难度系数  AAAA:        Ants, A psychological experiment

2017年7月11日 星期二

IELTS WRITING--Should education be free to all people?

20170708--Topic: Some people think governments should provide free education at all levels to children, while others believe university students should raise their own fees. Discuss both opinions and state your own view.

SAMPLE 1
2222-2259
Education has been playing a pivotal role since the dawn of human civilization and people in modern society are divided as to whether tertiary education should be free or not. Some people expect governments to provide free education to children at all levels while others believe they should charge fees for higher education. In the following essay, I will assess both views and present my opinion.

The idea that all educations should be free is far from groundless. In the first place, like medication, transportation and several fields, education is a critical social sector that will determine if the community could develop healthily and sustainably in the long run. Therefore, education deserve heavy investment from the governments. If the education system in a society is healthy, dynamic and freely available to all individuals, it will surely devote enormously to the advancement of the individuals in particular and the community in general. Ideally, investment in free education will pay off in the long term.

Nonetheless, some people hold it that college students should raise their own fees and they seem to be more practical people. The ideal situation is that governments could provide as many free public service as possible, but as a matter of fact they have to make an annual budget and use the revenue carefully. They governments would allot money to various sectors according to their priority. Primary, secondary and higher educations are all significant; however, due to the limited revenue of the governments and due to the fact that even in the most developed countries in the world only about half of the population would attend higher education but most would go through primary and secondary education, it is sensible to ask colleges students to pay fees.

With both vies being discussed, I believe it is reasonable and practical for students in higher education to pay fees, not only because governments have limited revenue but also because most college students have come of age and they should shoulder their own financial responsibility. Unless the society is exceptionally affluent, otherwise the budgetary deficit would skyrocket if free tertiary education is provided and higher tax for individuals would be the consequential price to pay.



2017年7月8日 星期六

IELTS Writing: Do you agree that the high sales of popular consumer goods reflect the power of advertising and not the society in which they are sold?

Essay topics: Today, the high sales of popular consumer goods reflect the power of advertising and not the society in which they are sold. To what extent do you agree or disagree.

In our increasingly globalized and commercialized world, there are some commodities selling exceptionally well among consumers and some people believe this is due to powerful advertisements rather than real demand in the society. I agree with this view and will defend the opinion in the following essay.

Definitely, many popular consumer goods are neither indispensable necessities nor very useful or joyous products but merely "constructs" of the skillful promoting propaganda of rich businesses. Take KFC as an example. It is omnipresent in most cities of the world and it products have very high sales. However, the reason is not because its exceptional quality or its super low cost, but because the money invested in brand promotion. TimHortons  in Canada is as cheap and "delicious" in cost and taste, if not more, as KFC, but it is far less famous and popular than the latter in most countries of the world.

Without doubt, big brands indeed have very good qualities, managerial teams and many other merits to boast. Nonetheless, their most competitive strength usually lies in their ad. strategy and their heavy investment in brand promotion. In many societies, a fair number of big brands were created "out of the air" and gained incredible popularity  and henceforth made huge profits. They created their brands by bombarding prospective consumers via ads. on TV. radio and all popular media.

It is not hard to see that in our society, many household name brands are deliberately constructed by the profit-oriented producers and distributors. In another word, many of our "needs" and desires are created and aroused by the invisible hand of a sophisticate machinery called consumerism.    

2017年7月7日 星期五

Would classroom education disappear in 2050? (IELTS writing Task 2)

Some people believe that the institution of teachers teaching students in classrooms will become extinct until 2050. Do you agree or disagree with this thinking? Give your reasons.
SAMPLE 1
The tradition of classroom teaching and learning has been in existence for hundreds of years. But it faces challenges in the high-tech modern society and some people even believe classroom education will disappear in a couple of decades. While admitting that traditional mode of education indeed faces threats of new forms of education, I still believe the former will not disappear so quickly and easily due to its many irreplaceable merits.

No one will argue that teaching is interpersonal communication. Communication could be enormously facilitated by technical progress; however, communication would be unimaginable if it is totally free of face-to-face communication, especially for communication between families, friends and teachers and students.

In history, classroom teaching has faced threats from radios, televisions and computers, but it survived the latter two and get strengthened by utilizing them. Now classroom teaching is facing threats from computers and smartphones that could run all kinds of educational apps. But teachers and students are turning the "threats" into effective instruments that could revitalize rather than undermine traditional classroom teaching. All those apps and equipment are complements rather than replacements of face-to-face teaching and learning, for teaching and learning are in a way like parenting and intersexual affection, and the most significant investment is emotion which demands face to face communication.

With those being said, I believe classroom education may die some day, but not in the year 2050, because it relies on the investment of human emotion which would be impossible without face-to-face communication. Meanwhile, modern technologies would facilitate the advancement of classroom education rather than beget its extinction.

SAMPLE 2
With the sweeping advancement of technologies in this era hinging on computers and smartphones, some people believe traditional education would be substituted by new forms of teaching. While seeing the causes of such an assumption, I believe classroom teaching and learning would be existent beyond 2050.

 It is true that education in a sense means passing knowledge and wisdom from former generations to later ones, and theoretically speaking, that does not necessarily have to happen in physical classrooms filled by teachers and students. However, education means far more than knowledge and wisdom acquiring; it also means character building and emotional evolution. Virtual classrooms could replace reals ones and knowledge and information could flow smoothly there. But without interacting with fellow students and real teachers, from whom can learners obtain vital skills like socializing and reconciliation? If fellow students and teachers made of flesh and blood could be replaced by sophisticated technologies, then parents would also give way to technical substitutes.

Disbelieving the disappearance of traditional education does not equal negating the facilitating function of advancing technologies. Instead, the belief and confidence in classroom education is based on its flexible ability in taking advantage of technologies so as to make adjustment and progress. Since the appearance of radios and televisions, traditional education is said to be under threat. I firmly believe classroom teaching and learning will utilize rather than succumb to the so-called threatening modes as it has done in the past.


2017年7月2日 星期日

加拿大150年国庆

昨天开始,加拿大立国一百五十周年国庆,放假三天,多伦多各种庆祝活动不断;昨日,央街上各民族大游行、省政府门前庆典门后放大炮、多伦多塔晚上烟花绽放;今天,安大略湖边大黄鸭迎风波动、游人如织。昨夜在楼顶看烟花,一个邻居老头用优雅的伦敦腔说:今年烟花怎么这么短?我玩笑地说:大概政府在大黄鸭上花了太多钱吧!他说:Oh DAMN! Yes!

前段时间,我从报纸得知,大黄鸭是政府花了12万从安大略湖彼岸的美利坚租赁而来,广播报纸早对此议论纷纷,说拿纳税人钱不当钱;此外,这段时间国家电台CBC一直播报,称很多人对加拿大150年庆典有意见,因为土著人早已存在,对他们而言,不是150年国庆,而是加拿大被侵略150年纪念日,特鲁多领衔的渥太华政府度量还算不错,允许土著等一行抗议者在首都庆祝活动同时唱对台戏,表达抗议。这两天,广播上最热门的三个话题概括起来是:加拿大国庆、特朗普和香港。

今天在路上还见到两座教堂,其肃丽庄严、惊得我魂飞魄散。